How can you tell it is a shark and not a whale? There are a few ways.
Look at the shark's back. See the dorsal fins? Many sharks have two dorsal fins. A whale, on the other hand, would only have one dorsal fin (if it has a dorsal fin at all).
Also, look at the shark's tail. A shark's tail is vertical. A whale's tail is horizontal. Scientists call a shark's tail a caudal fin.
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